What is In Vitro Fertilization (IVF)?

In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) is an assisted reproductive technology that helps individuals and couples conceive a child. The process involves retrieving eggs from a woman’s ovaries and fertilizing them with sperm in a laboratory. The resulting embryos are then transferred to the uterus to achieve pregnancy.

Why IVF is Needed

• Blocked or damaged fallopian tubes
• Male infertility issues such as low sperm count or motility
• Ovulation disorders
• Endometriosis or uterine abnormalities
• Unexplained infertility after multiple attempts

How is IVF Performed?

1. Ovarian Stimulation: Hormonal medications are administered to stimulate multiple eggs for retrieval.
2. Egg Retrieval: Eggs are collected from the ovaries using a minimally invasive procedure under sedation or anesthesia.
3. Fertilization: Eggs are fertilized with sperm in a controlled laboratory environment.
4. Embryo Culture: Fertilized eggs are monitored as they develop into embryos over several days.
5. Embryo Transfer: Selected embryos are placed into the uterus using a thin catheter.
6. Pregnancy Testing and Follow-Up: After 10–14 days, a pregnancy test is performed to confirm success, followed by monitoring in early pregnancy.

Who is a Suitable Candidate for IVF?

• Women with blocked or damaged fallopian tubes
• Couples facing male infertility issues
• Women with ovulation disorders
• Individuals with unexplained infertility

What Should Be Considered After IVF?

• Rest and avoiding strenuous activity for a few days after embryo transfer
• Following prescribed medications and hormone treatments
• Monitoring for early signs of pregnancy
• Regular follow-up appointments for embryo development and pregnancy confirmation
• Emotional support and counseling may be helpful during the process